Hoist



F. PENNELL aoxsw Aug. 30, 1949.

Filed June 28, 1946 (a?) 42 F I c. 3

3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORI FORD PENNELL ATTORNEY i Aug. 30, 1949, I F.PENNELL HOIVST.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 28, 1946 INVENTOR. Foao PENNEL BYQmM-7 $0MATTORNEY.

F. PENNELL Aug. 30, 1949.

HOIST 1 5 SheetsPSheet 5 Filed June 28, 1946 we N N N M m D R 0 FATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 30, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE nors'r Ford Pennell,Webster Groves, Mm, assignor to J ane Booth Pennell, Webster Groves, Mo.

Application June 28, 1946, Serial No. 680,144

Claims. (01. 254 1"67) chain sprocket, each engaged by a separate pawl,

to raise and lower the load. Hoists of this kind were limited to the useof a roller chain, flexible in one plane only, to mesh with the sprocketand support the load.

Another object of the invention is to overcome this limitation by usinga plurality of pawls in engagement with a ratchet wheel to raise andlower the load and to utilize a welded coil wire I chain, rope, orcable, flexible in all planes, in engagement with a pocket wheel or drumto support the load. The term, pocket wheel is a descriptive' word usedby the trade to designate a wheel with depressions in the periphery toengage the links of a welded coil wire chain so thatone may drive theother to transmit power.

Another object of the invention is to provide ready access to the pawloperating springs and without substantial disassembly of the device.

These and other detail objects of the invention, as will appear below,are attained by the structure shown in the accompanying drawings,

mately on lines 33 of Figures 1 and 4 and drawn to the same scale asFigure 2.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal vertical section drawn to an enlarged scaleand taken approximately on line 4-4 of Figure 2 showing the mechanism inone position when lowering the load. 7

Figures 5 and 6 are views similar to Figure 4 which structure isintended to be illustrative and mechainsm in other positions duringlowering movement.

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 5 showing the hoist mechanismadjusted to raise a load.

Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 5 showing the operating handle inrear position.

Figure 9 is ardetail perspective view of a ratchet wheel engaging pawl.

Figure 10 is a perspective of the handle and associated parts and Figure11 is a detail of a cam for providing step by step downward movement ofthe load. Y

'The.hoist comprises housings l and 2 fastened reversing rigidlytogether and having aligned bearings 3 and l rotatably supporting ashaft 5. A pocket 'wheelli formed integral with shaft 5 and a ratchetwheel "I keyed to shaft 5 rotate therewith.

Pocket wheel 6 has a peripheral zone for mounting a load supportingelement, such as a flexible link chain 38, and ratchet wheel I has teethspaced axially from the zone. A bushing 8 is keyed to shaft 5 and holdsratchet wheel 1 against a shoulder 9 on the shaft. A washer l0, attachedto the end of shaft 5 by a screw l l threaded therein, presses againstbushing 8. A cam I2 is mounted rotatably onshaft 5 between ratchet wheelI and bearing 4 and an operating handle l3 pivots on bushing 8' adjacentratchet wheel 1 QDDosite'cam I2 and is held on shaft 5 by washer ID.Angular movement of handle I3 is limited to slightly more than 180 bylugs l4 and I5 on the handle engaging a stop I6 on housing 2 (Figure 4)i Flexible link chain 38, for supporting the load rides on and mesheswith pocket wheel 6, and a guide 39 attached rigidly to housing 2prevents chain 38 fromjamming pocket wheel 5. At one end of chain 38 isa hook 40 to receive the load and at the opposite end is a stop 4| toprevent the end of chain 38 from running off of pocket wheel 6; Hook 4!!is mounted rotatably n a cylindrical member 54 to permit angularmovement of Mounted pivotally on a pin 5i in housing 2 is I 'a' loadpawl I1 urged into engagement with the teeth of ratchet wheel I by acurved spring l8 having one end engaging pawl l1 at a slot 55 and theother end attached to a boss I9 on housing 2. A pawl 2|, is attachedpivotally to handle [3 by a pin. 20 and is urged into engagement withdrawn to a smaller scale and showing the hoist 55 th teeth of ratchetwheel 1 by a spring 23 abat ting pawl 2| and positioned in a recess 23in a part 24 attached to handle l3. Load pawl l1 and handle pawl 2| aresubstantially as wide as the combined width of ratchet wheel 1 and cam2, and ratchet wheel engaging face 25 of handle pawl 2| is recessed asshown at 26 in Figure 9, a distance equal to the thickness of cam I2,and to a depthsufi'icient to clear..cam .|.2. -Atrigger 21,substantially as wide as cam 12, is mounted pivotally on a pin 53 in agroove 28 in pawl 2|. A spring 48 urges trigger 21 toward cam l2 andinto engagement with a boundary of groove 28.

Cam |2 has a radial load pawl engaging face 29, radial trigger engagingiaces 3.0 .and3|,.and

a radially extending arm 32. Aaspring..33 having one end attached to arm32 and the other end attached to a pin 34 on housing 2'urges'cam -|-2 acounter-clockwise direction (Figures +1 to8). Movement of cam l2 in thisdirection is limited .by a lug 35 (Figures 3 .and .mounted eccentricallyon a shaft 36 supportedrotatablyinhous- ,ings and 2 and operatedthroughan angle of approximately 180,by a reversing handle 31 positionedexteriorly of housing When the load is suspended from the hoist and isneither being raised nor lowered, load pawl |'1 normally sustains theload by engaging ratchet wheel 1 to prevent rotation of pocketiwheel'li.

When raising the load reversing handle 31 is (adjusted to point upwardlyas shown in broken 'lines in'Figure 1, lug35being rotated 180 (Figure'7) to move cam l2 to non-operative position. Load pawl l1, handlepawl2l and ratchet wheel .1..operate as an ordinary ratchet mechanism toraise'and hold the load in any desired position.

To raise theiload, operating handlet|3;is moved 'from a substantiallyhorizontal position (Figure 7) downwardly in a counter-clockwisedirection .Wherebyhandle pawl -2| engages ratchet'wheel .1, .relievingload pawl H of "the load, and rotates shaft ,5, pocket wheel'fi andassociated parts'in a ,counter-clockwise direction to raise 'hook40,load pawl 11 sliding over ratchet'wheel "1. Handle I3 is movedin thisdirection until 'load pawl '|1'rides past the tooth .on ratchet wheel '1next .to the .one previously engaged thereby. This isnoticeable by asharp click. Thenhandle'l'3'is moved .in'a clockwise direction,theloadibeing sustained :by load pawl |'1, until 'handle pawl 2|.passes'the tooth on ratchet wheel '1 previously eng ediby load pawl l1,thenhandle |3'is movedunder load in a counter-clockwise direction andthe sequence .of operation described above is repeated. The load.israised step by step by a pumping'motion vof handle [3 producing astraight ratchet action .of pawls |1 and2l on ratchet wheel 1.

When'lowering the load reversing handle 31 is adjusted to pointdownwardly as shown in solid lines in Figure 1, rotating lug.,35'throughanangle of 180 (Figures 4, .'5 .and '6) to release .cam l2 which isurged by spring 33 intoengagement'with load pawl H or trigger 21 ofhandle pawl 2| 'to alternately disengage pawls l1 and'2l from:ratch- .et.wheel 1 as the pawls are freed ofthe'loadby movement of handle 13. Theforce exerted by spring 33 through cam 12 on pawls 'and2l is sufiicientto disengage the ,pawls ffrom ratchet wheel 1 when thepawls are free ofthe load, and insufficient to disengage pawls .l1 and 2| from ratchetwheel 1 when the pawls are sustaining the load.

To lower the load, operating, handle "I 3 ismoved manually downwardlyslightly in -a counterclockwise direction until .handle pawl i2| and 4upon cam I2 is rotated by spring 33 in a counterclockwise direction andmoves load pawl |1 out of contact with ratchet wheel 1 (Figure 4).Operating handle I3, carrying the load, then is moved manually upwardlyin a clockwise direction to rotate pocket wheel 6 and lower hook 4i].Near the end of clockwise movement of handle l3, trigger 21 of handlepawl 2| engages radial face 30 oL-cam ;I2 and moves cam l2 out ofengagement with load pawl l1, whereupon load pawl |1 pivots into contactwith ratchet wheel 1 (Figure 5) and engages the next tooth as it movesinto registry therewith. Handle pawl 2|, relieved of the-load, ispivoted by cam |2 out of engage- .ment with ratchet wheel 1 as the camis rotated slightly in a counter-clockwise direction by spring 33-'(Figure' 6) Operating handle |3 then is moved manually in acounter-clockwise direction, cam l2 holding handle pawl 2| out ofengagement with ratchet wheel 1 until handle pawl 2| passes the tooth onratchet wheel '1 previously engaged thereby, whereupon trigger 21 movesout of engagement with cam |-2 (which engages'load pawl 11) and handlepawl 2| slides on ratchet wheel 1 until it moves into registry-with andengages the next tooth, whereupon handle |3 again takesthe load .fromload pawl 1, as described above. The load is lowered step by step by apumping motion of handle I3 similar to the motion used for raisingtheload.

Lug .|4 on handle l3 and stop I6 on housing '2 are arranged to preventinterference between load pawl I1 and handle pawl 2|, and to-preventengagement of radial -trigger engaging face '38 of cam l2 and trigger 21while raising the load. Lug |15 on handle I3 isarrangedto'cooperate'with stop 15 to prevent interference between handle,pawl 2| and arm 32 of cam I2.

'Chain 38 may be free-wheeled on'pocket wheel Bto raise hook 4|) withor-withoutloa'd by pulling downwardly on chain 38 at'stop 4| (Figure l),.Whereuponthe chain rotates pocket'wheel't, shaft 5 and associated partsin a 'counter-clockWise'dL rection (Figures 4 to 8) and load pawl 11 andhandlepawlZ'l slide on ratchet wheel 1. Chain '38 maybe free-wheeled onpocket wheel 6 to lower hook 40 without 'load when reversing handle 31is in lowering position, "by depressing a lever .mounte'dpivotallyon'handle'I 3' and pulling downwardlyon hook 40 (Figure 1). Lever 4'3 isconnected to oneend of a rod 44 which'is positioned longitudinally ofhandle l3 and has a hook atthe-other end connected to a spring 46.Spring 46 .is attached to a lug 41 on handle pawl 2|. When lever 43 ispressed toward handle l3, rod 44 ,and spring "46 are movedlongitudinally in handle |3 and pivot handle pawl 2| away from ratchetwheel 1. With reversing handle 31 in .load lowering position, load pawlI1 is held out of engagement with ratchet wheel 1 by cam I2. With bothload pawl l1'and handle-pawl 2| free of engagement with ratchetwheel 1,chain '38 'can*be freewheeled-on pocket wheel 5 in:either "direction. Acompression spring '49, encircling rod 44, returns lever 43 andassociated parts to original position when lever 43 is released from.manual engagement. The :tension exerted by spring 46 when 1ever43-isdepressed is sufiicient to disengage handle pawl 2| from ratchet wheel 1only when handle pawl 21 is not sustaining the .load. When handle pawl2| sustains the load and lever 43.is depressed, spring 46 stretches andabsorbs-movement of rod 44 without disengaging handle .pawl 2| fromratchet wheel 1, thus prehandle l3 relieve load pawl 11 o'fthe load,w'hereventing accidental 'droppirrg of the load.

Chain 38' also may be free-wheeled on pocket wheel 6 to lower hookwithout-load when reversing handle 31 is in lowering -'position simplyby moving handle 13 tosubstantially vertical position and pullingdownwardly on' hook 40. With handle l3 in this position trigger 21engages the circumference 56 of larger diameter of cam I2 adjacentradial face '31, and handle pawl 2| is 'moved out of engagement withratchet wheel 1.

Thus handle 43 and associated parts linking'it with pawl 2| may beomitted and the hoist will perform substantially the same function.

'At times it may be convenient to operate handle I3 from the rear orrightfhandside of the hoist as shown in Figure 8. The load may beraisedor lowered With'the handle in this position substantially as describedabove, except that in lowering the load radial face'3l of cam 12-instead of radial face 30 engages triggeril to move handle pawl 2| outof engagement with ratchet wheel! after the load is transferred fromhandle pawl 2| to load pawl H as described above.

Handle l3 preferably is moved from front to rear operating position,while load pawl l1, sustains the load. by depressing lever 43 todisengage handle pawl 2| from ratchet wheel 1 and moving the handle incounter-clockwise direction to rear operating position. Or handle l3 maybe moved from front torear operating position by merely rotating thehandle in a counter-clockwise direction beyond the limits of ordinarypumping movement. If the hoist is not loaded, handle pawl'2 l' is movedout of engagement with ratchet wheel I when trigger 21 engages thecircumference 56 of larger diameter of cam l2. If the hoist is loaded,trigger 21 pivots against pressure of spring 48 without disengaginghandle pawl 2| from ratchet wheel I as the trigger engages circumference56 of cam l2 and handle I3 is moved under load from one position to theother raising the load slightly.

Operating handle l3 may be moved from rear to front operating positionmerely by rotating the handle in a clockwise direction. As the handle isrotated, the load is sustained by load pawl l1 and when trigger 21engages radial face 3| of cam I2 handle pawl 2| pivots out of contactwith ratchet wheel 1 and trigger 2! slides over circumference 56 of caml2.

A hoist constructed according to the invention as described above iscompact, simple in design, light in weight and is easy to manufacture.The hoist may be used with an ordinary welded coil wire chain, rope, orcable, flexible in all planes, to raise and lower the load, thus makingthe device more convenient to use.

The hoist can be operated with the handle in front or rear position, thechain can be freewheeled on pocket wheel 6 in either direction with noload, and there is no danger of dropping the load accidentally throughinadvertent operation of the device.

Springs I8, 33, and 48 are readily accessible for replacement byremoving screw l'l, washer Ill, and handle 13.

The details of the structure may be varied substantially withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention, and the exclusive use ofthose modifications of the invention coming within the scope of theclaims is contemplated.

What is claimed is:

l. A device of the kind described comprising a rotatably mounted wheelhaving a peripheral zone for mounting a load supporting element, aratchet wheel for rotating said load supporting wheel and with teethspaced axially from said zone, an operating handle rotatable about acommon axis relative to said ratchet wheel, a load pawl and a handlepawl arranged to engage said ratchet teeth, and means for controllingengagement of saidpawls-with said ratchet teeth to produce step by steprotation of said load supporting wheel in a predetermined direction byoperation of said handle 2.A device as described in claim 1 includingmeans-to disengage both the load pawl and the handle pawl from theratchet wheel when no load is supported by the load supporting wheel topermit'free rotation of the load supporting wheel in either direction.

3. A' device as described in claim 1 including means .tozpermit the loadsupporting wheel to be rotated freelyin either direction when itsupports no load, and to prevent rotation of the load supportingwheehexcept by operation of said handle, in a direction to lower theload when the load supporting wheel is supporting a load.

4. A device of the kind described comprising rotatable load supportingand ratchet wheels, flexible means engaging said load supporting wheeland adaptedto carry the load, an operating handle arranged to rotateabout a common axis relative to said ratchet wheel, a load pawl and ahandle pawl arranged to engage said ratchet wheel and positioned out ofthe plane of said flexible means and said load supporting Wheel, andmeansfor controlling engagement of said pawls with said ratchet-wheel toproduce step by step rotation 'of said. load supporting wheel in apredetermined direction by operation of said handle.

5. A device of the kind described comprising a housing, ashaft'supported by said housing, a wheel having a peripheral zone formounting a load supporting element, a ratchet wheel having teeth spacedaxially from said zone, said wheels being mounted on said shaft androtatable one by the other, an operating handle rotatable on said shaft,a load pawl supported by the housing and a handle pawl supported by thehandle, said pawls being arranged to engage said ratchet teeth, and acam adapted to disengage said load pawl and said handle pawl alternatelyfrom said ratchet teeth while lowering the load.

6. A device of the kind described comprising a housing, a shaft in saidhousing, a wheel having a peripheral zone for mounting a load supportingelement, a ratchet wheel having teeth spaced axially from said zone,said wheels being mounted on said shaft and rotatable one by the other,an operating handle on said shaft and rotatable relative to said wheels,a load pawl supported by said housing and a handle pawl supported bysaid handle, said pawls being arranged to engage said ratchet teeth, andmeans for controlling engagement of said pawls with said ratchet teethto produce step by step rotation of said load supporting wheel in apredetermined direction by operation of said handle.

7. A device of the kind described comprising a housing, a shaftsupported rotatably by said housing, a load supporting wheel and aratchet wheel rigid with said shaft, an operating handle rotatable onsaid shaft, a load pawl supported by the housing and a handle pawlsupported by the handle, said pawls being arranged to engage saidratchet wheel, and a cam adapted to disengage said load pawl and saidhandle pawl alternately from said ratchet wheel while lowering the load,a trigger on said handle pawl adapted to move relative thereto, when.=sa.id 'itriggdr' amazes ssaid cam, without disengagingasaidmindlezpamlfrom said ratchet wheel =whenssa-id paml -sust'ains the load, =and tomove :said ihandle iparwl; out 50f bon tact-with said matohet wheel,whent said itri'gger engages" said cams andl said pawl =d08$5i10311317311! the load.

.8. a combination, 5 a housing, .:a sratchet Wheel having teeth and aload supportirigvwheelerotatable said -housi'ngga*handleaoteitablexelative to sai'dsrat'chet wheeliand swinga'blm-fmmanODGIatmg'TEDgGEEtFOIIE-SidB of isaid housing 'to san operating :range atthe Lopp'osite side :-0f said housing, a .load pawl and a handle :paW-l.engageable with said ratchet teeth, pawlseoritrolsmeans having a. pawl=actuating:iaee, and a. :member.associated with :said handle pawl iand+engag eable by said i ace on SQJdJmEBJJS zasasai'd handleimoves fromone image -toithe;=other, i 'said: member movingzreiativeztorsaidhandlemawlpandewithoutidisengaging :said :handle i'paiw1,='f1:om=saidratchet teeth when said :handle apawl sustains 'the load, and 1 saidmember disengaging said handle pawl from said iratchet nteethiwhen :said,e handI'e 'cpawl does :notsustain the :load. 7

9. In combination,-a;ho11sing, ratchetmndg load supporting iwheels iotatable sin. said housing, a handle rotatable ."relative to -:'said{ratchet wheel and movable from "an (operating mange at one side ofsaidehous'ing ito 'an liperating 'range :atw-the opposite 'side of saidhousing a load pawkan'dm handle .pawl engag'eabIe :wit-hisaid :rathetwheel,

pawl control means; having alpawl aetuating face,

and-a memberr assoeiated withzsaidrhandle pawl and 'engageable :by saidi-face UHF-Said .means :as 686 Said handle QRGVBS .irom :one range-to:the other, aispririg betweensaid handle .pawl-andymembe said ;spring(yieldin without disengaging asaid handle-pawl iiromtsaid {ratchet rwhensaid-handle pawlsustains the-load'and disengagingsaidhanadie spa/w]{from --said:-r-atchet when said handle mwl sdoesmohsustain the load.

10. mzdevice -of the kind described -eomprising a rotatabky mountedwheel having a peripheral zone ifbrunounting radoad supporting (element,=9. ratchet :wheel {for rotating said load A Supponting wheel and with'iteeth spaced axially from said :zone, an "operating (handle -rotatablerelative to saidlratchet wheels a load-pawl-and-a hand-lapawl arrangedtozeng age' said ratchet teeth; and 'a: camdinectiyiengagingandmovingsaid pawls for-com trolling engagement of saidpawls with said 'ratehetiteeth toeproduoe step bystep rotation of saidlead :supporting wheel -in a predetermined m direction by ioperation ofsaid handle.

:FORD PENNELL.

QRIEEERENCES CITED The fc vlio'vi il ig refefencs *ar'e 0f ir'eeord inthe

